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今天在使用一个node项目时突然遇到 一个github的拉取异常，一看协议居然是git://xxx 貌似github早就不用这种格式了， 而是使用的git@github.com:xxx 这种或者https协议，解决方法：
使用insteadof设置git别名 url.<base>.insteadOf xx
# 这个命令是git别名的配置命令， 会将insteadof后面的地址替换为 url.后面的地址
git config --global url.https://github.com/.insteadOf git://github.com/
上面的命令执行后会在当前用户目录下面的 .gitconfig 文件中自动添加一下2行配置
[url "https://github.com/"]insteadOf = git://github.com/这样，当我们在使用 git://github.com/ 进行克隆和拉取远程仓库时，Git会自动将其转换为 https://github.com/ 这样就成功解决了这个git://无法拉取的问题。
当然这个别名设置命令也可以解决类似git无法访问或者访问协议相关的问题。
这个别名设置命令的官方解释：
url.<base>.insteadOf
Any URL that starts with this value will be rewritten to start, instead, with <base>. In cases where some site serves a large number of repositories, and serves them with multiple access methods, and some users need to use different access methods, this feature allows people to specify any of the equivalent URLs and have Git automatically rewrite the URL to the best alternative for the particular user, even for a never-before-seen repository on the site. When more than one insteadOf strings match a given URL, the longest match is used.
Note that any protocol restrictions will be applied to the rewritten URL. If the rewrite changes the URL to use a custom protocol or remote helper, you may need to adjust the protocol.*.allow config to permit the request. In particular, protocols you expect to use for submodules must be set to always rather than the default of user. See the description of protocol.allow above.
参考文档 Git - git-config Documentation