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在可视化项目中，很多地方会遇见图表；echart是最常见的；这个示例就是用Echart， echart-gl实现3D饼图效果，复制即可用

//需要安装，再引用依赖import * as echarts from "echarts";
import 'echarts-gl';initUserTypeEchart() {let that = this;let chartDom = document.getElementById("echart-id");let myChart = echarts.init(chartDom);function getParametricEquation(startRatio,endRatio,isSelected,isHovered,k,h) {const midRatio = (startRatio + endRatio) / 2;const startRadian = startRatio * Math.PI * 2;const endRadian = endRatio * Math.PI * 2;const midRadian = midRatio * Math.PI * 2;// 如果只有一个扇形，则不实现选中效果。if (startRatio === 0 && endRatio === 1) {isSelected = false;}k = typeof k !== "undefined" ? k : 1 / 3;const offsetX = isSelected ? Math.cos(midRadian) * 0.1 : 0;const offsetY = isSelected ? Math.sin(midRadian) * 0.1 : 0;// 鼠标滑过时外环放大大小const hoverRate = isHovered ? 1.05 : 1;// 返回曲面参数方程return {u: { min: -Math.PI, max: Math.PI * 3, step: Math.PI / 32 },v: { min: 0, max: Math.PI * 2, step: Math.PI / 20 },x(u, v) {if (u < startRadian) {return (offsetX +Math.cos(startRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate);}if (u > endRadian) {return (offsetX +Math.cos(endRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate);}return offsetX + Math.cos(u) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;},y(u, v) {if (u < startRadian) {return (offsetY +Math.sin(startRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate);}if (u > endRadian) {return (offsetY +Math.sin(endRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate);}return offsetY + Math.sin(u) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;},z(u, v) {if (u < -Math.PI * 0.5) {return Math.sin(u);}if (u > Math.PI * 2.5) {return Math.sin(u) * h * 0.1;}// 当前图形的高度是Z根据h（每个value的值决定的）return Math.sin(v) > 0 ? 1 * h * 0.1 : -1;},};}// 饼图数据var optionData = [{ name: '辣条', value: 100, percentage: 25 },{ name: '亲嘴烧', value: 100, percentage: 25  },{ name: '牛奶', value: 100, percentage: 25  },{ name: '可乐', value: 100, percentage: 25  }]function getPie3D(pieData, internalDiameterRatio) {const series = [];let sumValue = 0;let startValue = 0;let endValue = 0;const legendData = [];let colors = ["#FFB82C", "#009EA8", "#2E9CFF", "#BB36DE"];const k =typeof internalDiameterRatio !== "undefined"? (1 - internalDiameterRatio) / (1 + internalDiameterRatio): 1 / 3;for (let i = 0; i < pieData.length; i += 1) {sumValue += pieData[i].value;const seriesItem = {name:typeof pieData[i].name === "undefined"? `series${i}`: pieData[i].name,radius: ["40%", "60%"],type: "surface",parametric: true,wireframe: { show: false },pieData: pieData[i],pieStatus: { selected: false, hovered: false, k },};if (typeof pieData[i].itemStyle !== "undefined") {const { itemStyle } = pieData[i];// eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-expressionstypeof pieData[i].itemStyle.color !== "undefined"? (itemStyle.color = pieData[i].itemStyle.color): null;// eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-expressionstypeof pieData[i].itemStyle.opacity !== "undefined"? (itemStyle.opacity = pieData[i].itemStyle.opacity): null;seriesItem.itemStyle = itemStyle;}// series = getPie3D(optionData, 0.3)series.push(seriesItem);}for (let i = 0; i < series.length; i += 1) {endValue = startValue + series[i].pieData.value;series[i].pieData.startRatio = startValue / sumValue;series[i].pieData.endRatio = endValue / sumValue;series[i].parametricEquation = getParametricEquation(series[i].pieData.startRatio,series[i].pieData.endRatio,false,true,k,10 // 在此处传入饼图初始高度h);startValue = endValue;legendData.push({name: series[i].name,textStyle: { color: colors[i] },});}// 准备待返回的配置项，把准备好的series 传入。const option = {title: {show: false,},//   右边提示文本legend: {show: true,type: "scroll",right: 20,top: "center",orient: "vertical", // 纵向icon: "circle", // icon 类型 标记类型包括 'circle'圆, 'rect'方, 'roundRect'圆角, 'triangle'三角形, 'diamond'lin, 'arrow'箭头, 'pin', 'arrow', 'none'itemHeight: 12, // icon高度itemWidth: 12, // icon 宽度itemGap: 10, // 图例间隔 --每个title之间的间隔data: legendData,formatter: (name) => {if (pieData.length) {const item = pieData.filter((item) => item.name === name)[0];// console.log(item, name)var arr = [`{a|${name}}{b|${item.value}户 (${item.percentage}%)}`,];return arr;// return `${name}：${item.value}`}},textStyle: {color: "auto",rich: {//改样式 和下面formatter一起a: {align: "left",color: "#000",width: 80,fontSize: 12, // 字体大小被覆盖了,这里重新定义},b: {align: "right",// color: '#59e6ed',fontSize: 12,},},},},//   每一块区域的颜色color: ["#009EA8", "#2E9CFF", "#FFB82C", "#BB36DE"],tooltip: {trigger: "item",formatter: (params) => {if (params.seriesName !== "mouseoutSeries") {return `${params.marker}${params.seriesName}：${pieData[params.seriesIndex].value}户`;}return "";},},xAxis3D: { min: -1, max: 1 },yAxis3D: { min: -1, max: 1 },zAxis3D: { min: -1, max: 1 },grid3D: {show: false,boxHeight: 30, // 修改三维场景高度top: -20,width: 200,viewControl: {// 3d效果可以放大、旋转等，alpha: 20, // 上下绕X轴角度beta: 0, //左右绕Y轴角度// projection: 'perspective',//默认为透视投影'perspective'，也支持设置为正交投影'orthographic'rotateSensitivity: 1,zoomSensitivity: 0,panSensitivity: 0,autoRotateSpeed: 50, //物体自传的速度autoRotate: false, // 是否自动旋转distance: 270, // 距离越小看到的饼图越大},},series,};return option;}// 可做为调整内环大小 0为实心圆饼图，大于0 小于1 为圆环let option = getPie3D(optionData, 0);myChart.setOption(option);window.addEventListener("resize", function () {myChart.resize();});},