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文章目录
- 1. 安装要求
 - 2. 准备环境
 - 3. 所有master节点部署keepalived
 - 3.1 安装相关包和keepalived
 - 3.2配置master节点
 - 3.3 启动和检查
 
- 4. 部署haproxy
 - 4.1 安装
 - 4.2 配置
 - 4.3 启动和检查
 
- 5. 所有节点安装Docker/kubeadm/kubelet
 - 5.1 安装Docker
 - 5.2 添加阿里云YUM软件源
 - 5.3 安装kubeadm,kubelet和kubectl
 
- 6. 部署Kubernetes Master
 - 6.1 创建kubeadm配置文件
 - 6.2 在master1节点执行
 
- 7.安装集群网络
 - 8、master2节点加入集群
 - 8.1 复制密钥及相关文件
 - 8.2 master2加入集群
 
- 5. 加入Kubernetes Node
 - 7. 测试kubernetes集群
 
kubeadm是官方社区推出的一个用于快速部署kubernetes集群的工具。
这个工具能通过两条指令完成一个kubernetes集群的部署:
# 创建一个 Master 节点
$ kubeadm init# 将一个 Node 节点加入到当前集群中
$ kubeadm join <Master节点的IP和端口 >
 
1. 安装要求
在开始之前,部署Kubernetes集群机器需要满足以下几个条件:
- 一台或多台机器,操作系统 CentOS7.x-86_x64
 - 硬件配置:2GB或更多RAM,2个CPU或更多CPU,硬盘30GB或更多
 - 可以访问外网,需要拉取镜像,如果服务器不能上网,需要提前下载镜像并导入节点
 - 禁止swap分区
 
2. 准备环境
| 角色 | IP | 
|---|---|
| master1 | 192.168.44.155 | 
| master2 | 192.168.44.156 | 
| node1 | 192.168.44.157 | 
| VIP(虚拟ip) | 192.168.44.158 | 
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld# 关闭selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  # 永久
setenforce 0  # 临时# 关闭swap
swapoff -a  # 临时
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab    # 永久# 根据规划设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname># 在master添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.44.158    master.k8s.io   k8s-vip
192.168.44.155    master01.k8s.io master1
192.168.44.156    master02.k8s.io master2
192.168.44.157    node01.k8s.io   node1
EOF# 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system  # 生效# 时间同步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com
 
3. 所有master节点部署keepalived
3.1 安装相关包和keepalived
yum install -y conntrack-tools libseccomp libtool-ltdlyum install -y keepalived
 
3.2配置master节点
master1节点配置
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF 
! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {router_id k8s
}vrrp_script check_haproxy {script "killall -0 haproxy"interval 3weight -2fall 10rise 2
}vrrp_instance VI_1 {state MASTER interface ens33 virtual_router_id 51priority 250advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass ceb1b3ec013d66163d6ab}virtual_ipaddress {192.168.44.158}track_script {check_haproxy}}
EOF
 
master2节点配置
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF 
! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {router_id k8s
}vrrp_script check_haproxy {script "killall -0 haproxy"interval 3weight -2fall 10rise 2
}vrrp_instance VI_1 {state BACKUP interface ens33 virtual_router_id 51priority 200advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass ceb1b3ec013d66163d6ab}virtual_ipaddress {192.168.44.158}track_script {check_haproxy}}
EOF
 
3.3 启动和检查
在两台master节点都执行
# 启动keepalived
$ systemctl start keepalived.service
设置开机启动
$ systemctl enable keepalived.service
# 查看启动状态
$ systemctl status keepalived.service
 
启动后查看master1的网卡信息
ip a s ens33
 
4. 部署haproxy
4.1 安装
yum install -y haproxy
 
4.2 配置
两台master节点的配置均相同,配置中声明了后端代理的两个master节点服务器,指定了haproxy运行的端口为16443等,因此16443端口为集群的入口
cat > /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg << EOF
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global settings
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
global# to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will# need to:# 1) configure syslog to accept network log events.  This is done#    by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in#    /etc/sysconfig/syslog# 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log#   file. A line like the following can be added to#   /etc/sysconfig/syslog##    local2.*                       /var/log/haproxy.log#log         127.0.0.1 local2chroot      /var/lib/haproxypidfile     /var/run/haproxy.pidmaxconn     4000user        haproxygroup       haproxydaemon # turn on stats unix socketstats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
# use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------  
defaultsmode                    httplog                     globaloption                  httplogoption                  dontlognulloption http-server-closeoption forwardfor       except 127.0.0.0/8option                  redispatchretries                 3timeout http-request    10stimeout queue           1mtimeout connect         10stimeout client          1mtimeout server          1mtimeout http-keep-alive 10stimeout check           10smaxconn                 3000
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# kubernetes apiserver frontend which proxys to the backends
#--------------------------------------------------------------------- 
frontend kubernetes-apiservermode                 tcpbind                 *:16443option               tcplogdefault_backend      kubernetes-apiserver    
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# round robin balancing between the various backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend kubernetes-apiservermode        tcpbalance     roundrobinserver      master01.k8s.io   192.168.44.155:6443 checkserver      master02.k8s.io   192.168.44.156:6443 check
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# collection haproxy statistics message
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
listen statsbind                 *:1080stats auth           admin:awesomePasswordstats refresh        5sstats realm          HAProxy\ Statisticsstats uri            /admin?stats
EOF
 
4.3 启动和检查
两台master都启动
# 设置开机启动
$ systemctl enable haproxy
# 开启haproxy
$ systemctl start haproxy
# 查看启动状态
$ systemctl status haproxy
 
检查端口
netstat -lntup|grep haproxy
 
5. 所有节点安装Docker/kubeadm/kubelet
Kubernetes默认CRI(容器运行时)为Docker,因此先安装Docker。
5.1 安装Docker
$ wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
$ yum -y install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7
$ systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
$ docker --version
Docker version 18.06.1-ce, build e68fc7a
 
$ cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{"registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
 
5.2 添加阿里云YUM软件源
$ cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
 
5.3 安装kubeadm,kubelet和kubectl
由于版本更新频繁,这里指定版本号部署:
$ yum install -y kubelet-1.16.3 kubeadm-1.16.3 kubectl-1.16.3
$ systemctl enable kubelet
 
6. 部署Kubernetes Master
6.1 创建kubeadm配置文件
在具有vip的master上操作,这里为master1
$ mkdir /usr/local/kubernetes/manifests -p$ cd /usr/local/kubernetes/manifests/$ vi kubeadm-config.yamlapiServer:certSANs:- master1- master2- master.k8s.io- 192.168.44.158- 192.168.44.155- 192.168.44.156- 127.0.0.1extraArgs:authorization-mode: Node,RBACtimeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta1
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controlPlaneEndpoint: "master.k8s.io:16443"
controllerManager: {}
dns: type: CoreDNS
etcd:local:    dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.16.3
networking: dnsDomain: cluster.local  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16serviceSubnet: 10.1.0.0/16
scheduler: {}
 
6.2 在master1节点执行
$ kubeadm init --config kubeadm-config.yaml
 
按照提示配置环境变量,使用kubectl工具:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
$ kubectl get nodes
$ kubectl get pods -n kube-system
 
按照提示保存以下内容,一会要使用:
kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token jv5z7n.3y1zi95p952y9p65 \--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:403bca185c2f3a4791685013499e7ce58f9848e2213e27194b75a2e3293d8812 \--control-plane 
 
查看集群状态
kubectl get cskubectl get pods -n kube-system
 
7.安装集群网络
从官方地址获取到flannel的yaml,在master1上执行
mkdir flannel
cd flannel
wget -c https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
 
安装flannel网络
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml 
 
检查
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
 
8、master2节点加入集群
8.1 复制密钥及相关文件
从master1复制密钥及相关文件到master2
# ssh root@192.168.44.156 mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd# scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf root@192.168.44.156:/etc/kubernetes# scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/{ca.*,sa.*,front-proxy-ca.*} root@192.168.44.156:/etc/kubernetes/pki# scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.* root@192.168.44.156:/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd
 
8.2 master2加入集群
执行在master1上init后输出的join命令,需要带上参数--control-plane表示把master控制节点加入集群
kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba --control-plane
 
检查状态
kubectl get nodekubectl get pods --all-namespaces
 
5. 加入Kubernetes Node
在node1上执行
向集群添加新节点,执行在kubeadm init输出的kubeadm join命令:
kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba
 
集群网络重新安装,因为添加了新的node节点
检查状态
kubectl get nodekubectl get pods --all-namespaces
 
7. 测试kubernetes集群
在Kubernetes集群中创建一个pod,验证是否正常运行:
$ kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
$ kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
$ kubectl get pod,svc
 
访问地址:http://NodeIP:Port
