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在二维坐标系统中，常见转换坐标：平移、缩放、旋转。在ArcGIS中可以通过工具实现移动 、旋转 和缩放，具体操作如下： 

（1）移动要素：可通过指针或指定值以交互方式操作所选要素。移动要素：要移动要素，请使用指针选择并对其进行拖动。选择多个要素后，您可以单击鼠标右键并对齐或分配要素。

（2）旋转要素：要使用指针旋转要素，请对其进行选择并拖动。主选择锚点可指定旋转中心。辅助锚点可将旋转角度捕捉到其他要素。

（3）旋转要素：要使用指针旋转要素，请对其进行选择并拖动。主选择锚点可指定旋转中心。辅助锚点可将旋转角度捕捉到其他要素。

对于实际工作中，会遇到各种复杂的数据，基于不同基点（原点），平移、缩放、旋转的量都不同，要根据具体情况具体分析。本文想实现坐标转换的通用方法，基于基点信息，对图层所有要素进行平移、缩放、旋转。

实现主体函数执行流程如下：

for (int i = 0; i < BasePoints.Rows.Count; i++)
{TransformCoordinate MoveCoor = new TransformCoordinate();                DataRow BaseBow = BasePoints.Rows[i];//1.获取基点信息MoveCoor.getBaseInfo(BaseBow);                string shpName = MoveCoor.shpFileName;                string output = outputPath + @"\" + shpName;if (inputTargetNameList.Exists(t => t.Equals(shpName)))//判断List是否含某个属性{//2.将所有同名（shpName）文件，从源路径复制至输出路径下，不区分文件后缀名FileCopy.CopyOneShpFile(inputTargetFile, outputPath, shpName,true);//复制文件//3.判断图层中有无图形元素，同时初始化图层即给in_FeatureClass赋值if (MoveCoor.isExistFeatures(output) == false){remind2 += shpName + " ";//图层缺少要素}//4.转换坐标  MoveCoor.ExecutePan();//平移MoveCoor.ExecuteRotate();//旋转MoveCoor.ExecuteTelescopic();//缩放MoveCoor.updateExtend();//更新图层extent}else{remind += shpName + " ";//缺少图层continue;} 
}            

我这里的基点（PointA和PointB）的坐标信息、旋转角度，缩放比例等坐标转换信息都保存在Excel文件中，如下图所示坐标转换参数表，可以根据不同的项目修改坐标转换的参数，实现通用的坐标转换功能。

坐标转换类：

    /// <summary>/// 根据已知基点信息，批量实现图层要素的平移、缩放、旋转。/// 处理Shapefile文件/// </summary>public class TransformCoordinate{//基点信息public string shpFileName;private IPoint PointA;//基点A是图层坐标转换前的基点private IPoint PointB;//基点B是图层坐标转换后的基点private double scale;//缩放比例private double angle;//旋转角度，读取的是角度（°），旋转时用的是弧度，需要角度转为弧度private IFeatureClass in_FeatureClass;public TransformCoordinate(){//基点PointA = new Point();PointB = new Point();}//判断图层中有无图形元素，同时初始化图层public bool isExistFeatures(string in_filePath){IWorkspaceFactory pWorkspaceFactory = new ShapefileWorkspaceFactory();IWorkspaceFactoryLockControl pWorkspaceFactoryLockControl = pWorkspaceFactory as IWorkspaceFactoryLockControl;if (pWorkspaceFactoryLockControl.SchemaLockingEnabled){pWorkspaceFactoryLockControl.DisableSchemaLocking();}IWorkspace pWorkspace = pWorkspaceFactory.OpenFromFile(System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(in_filePath), 0);IFeatureWorkspace pFeatureWorkspace = pWorkspace as IFeatureWorkspace;in_FeatureClass = pFeatureWorkspace.OpenFeatureClass(System.IO.Path.GetFileName(in_filePath));if (in_FeatureClass.FeatureCount(null) > 0){ return true; }else{ return false; }}//获取基点信息public void getBaseInfo(DataRow rows){shpFileName = rows[0].ToString().Trim() + ".shp";            PointA.X = Convert.ToDouble(rows[1].ToString());PointA.Y = Convert.ToDouble(rows[2].ToString());            PointB.X = Convert.ToDouble(rows[3].ToString());PointB.Y = Convert.ToDouble(rows[4].ToString());scale = Convert.ToDouble(rows[5].ToString());angle = Math.PI / 180 * Convert.ToDouble(rows[6].ToString());//角度（°）转为弧度}//平移public bool ExecutePan(){            // 获取游标IFeatureCursor in_FeatureCursor = in_FeatureClass.Update(null, true);IFeature in_Feature = in_FeatureCursor.NextFeature();if (in_Feature == null){// 释放游标System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(in_FeatureCursor);return false;}while (in_Feature != null){IGeometry pGeometry = in_Feature.Shape;in_Feature.Shape = Pan(pGeometry, PointB.X - PointA.X, PointB.Y - PointA.Y);in_FeatureCursor.UpdateFeature(in_Feature);in_Feature = in_FeatureCursor.NextFeature();}// 释放游标System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(in_FeatureCursor);return true;}//旋转public bool ExecuteRotate(){            // 获取游标IFeatureCursor in_FeatureCursor = in_FeatureClass.Update(null, true);IFeature in_Feature = in_FeatureCursor.NextFeature();if (in_Feature == null){return false;}while (in_Feature != null){IGeometry pGeometry = in_Feature.Shape;in_Feature.Shape = Rotate(pGeometry, PointB, angle);in_FeatureCursor.UpdateFeature(in_Feature);  in_Feature = in_FeatureCursor.NextFeature();}// 释放游标System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(in_FeatureCursor);return true;}//缩放public bool ExecuteTelescopic(){// 获取游标IFeatureCursor in_FeatureCursor = in_FeatureClass.Update(null, true);IFeature in_Feature = in_FeatureCursor.NextFeature();if (in_Feature == null){return false;}while (in_Feature != null){IGeometry pGeometry = in_Feature.Shape;in_Feature.Shape = Telescopic(pGeometry, PointB, scale);in_FeatureCursor.UpdateFeature(in_Feature);in_Feature = in_FeatureCursor.NextFeature();}// 释放游标System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(in_FeatureCursor);return true;}// 平移变换private IGeometry Pan(IGeometry pGeometry, double dx, double dy){ITransform2D pTransform2D = pGeometry as ITransform2D;pTransform2D.Move(dx, dy);return pTransform2D as IGeometry;}/// <summary>/// 伸缩变换/// </summary>/// <param name="pGeometry"></param>/// <param name="originPoint">原点或基点</param>/// <param name="scale"></param>/// <returns></returns>private IGeometry Telescopic(IGeometry pGeometry, IPoint originPoint, double scale){ITransform2D pTransform2D = pGeometry as ITransform2D;pTransform2D.Scale(originPoint, scale, scale);return pTransform2D as IGeometry; }// 旋转变换private IGeometry Rotate(IGeometry pGeometry, IPoint originPoint, double angle){IPointCollection pPointCollection = pGeometry as IPointCollection;ITransform2D pTransform2D = pGeometry as ITransform2D;pTransform2D.Rotate(originPoint, angle);return pTransform2D as IGeometry;}//extent更新public void updateExtend(){((IFeatureClassManage)in_FeatureClass).UpdateExtent();}}