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基于单片机的汽车智能仪表的设计

摘要：汽车的汽车系统。速度测量以及调速是我们这次的设计所要研究的对象，本次设计的基础核心的模块就是单片机，其应用的核心的控制单元就是stc89c52单片机，用到的测速模块是霍尔传感器，达到计数的目的，然后经过单片机处理，进行数据的转换实现速度的测量，将最终的结果显示到液晶显示屏1602上。主要有实时车速、车速上限、里程、等等。

整个设计将会阐述整体系统的软硬件组成部分、主要硬件的作用和所能达到的功能和整体的功做原理等等。本次的设计更加人性化，好处在于安全可靠、操作简单、体型小巧，便于携带等等，这也使得汽车系统被越来越广泛的运用。

关键词：汽车仪表；STC89C52； LCD1602；霍尔器件

Design of bicycle speedometer based on MCU

Abstract：

The speed and mileage of bicycle is the object of our research in this design. The whole research is based on single chip computer. The control chip used is STC89C52 single chip computer. The sensor that reaches the purpose of counting is placed on the wheel. The data obtained will be analyzed and calculated by single chip computer. The final information obtained will be displayed on the LCD1602 display. There are mainly time, real-time speed, maximum speed, distance and so on. Among them, we can set the maximum speed by ourselves. When our speed exceeds the maximum speed, we will give an alarm to protect the safety of cyclists.

The whole design will elaborate the software and hardware components of the whole system, the role of the main hardware, the functions that can be achieved and the working principle of the whole system, etc. This design is more humanized, the advantages are safe and reliable, simple operation, compact size, easy to carry and so on, which also makes the speed odometer more and more widely used.

Keywords: Bicycle; STC89C52; LCD1602;Hall Devices

目录

基于单片机的汽车智能仪表的设计................... I

第1章 绪论.................................... 1

1.1选题的意义.............................. 1

1.2课题任务................................ 1

1.3设计思想................................ 2

第2章 系统方案设计............................. 3

2.1总体方案比较............................ 3

2.2总体方案选择............................ 3

2.2.1系统总体框图....................... 3

2.2.2实现原理........................... 4

第3章 系统硬件设计............................. 8

3.1总体设计................................ 8

3.2.1控制单元设计........................... 8

3.2.2检测单元设计...................... 12

3.2.3显示单元设计...................... 14

3.2.3按键电路和指示灯电路.............. 15

3.2.4 蜂鸣器电路设计.................... 16

3.2.5 超声波检测与温度检测.............. 17

第4章 系统软件设计............................ 19

4.1总体设计............................... 19

4.2算法流程 ............................. 23

第5章 系统软件设计............................ 24

5.1安装过程............................... 24

5.1.1 元器件的检查..................... 24

5.1.2焊接元器件........................ 24

5.2系统硬件调试........................... 25

5.3调试过程中的心得体会.................... 26

5.4调试过程中遇到的问题.................... 26

致谢.......................................... 28

参考文献...................................... 29