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基于Spring Security添加流控的过程：

步骤1: 添加依赖

确保项目中包含了Spring Security和Sentinel-Core的相关依赖。在Maven项目中，可以在pom.xml中添加如下依赖：

<!-- Spring Security -->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency><!-- Sentinel-Core -->
<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId><artifactId>sentinel-core</artifactId><version>1.8.6</version> <!-- 根据最新版本调整 -->
</dependency>

步骤2: 初始化Sentinel配置

创建一个配置类来初始化Sentinel，并加载流控规则。使用@Configuration注解标记此配置类，并通过@PostConstruct注解的方法来确保在应用启动时执行初始化逻辑。

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.init.InitFunc;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.FlowRule;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.FlowRuleManager;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;@Configuration
public class SentinelConfig implements InitFunc {@Overridepublic void init() throws Exception {loadFlowRules();}@PostConstructpublic void loadFlowRules() {List<FlowRule> rules = new ArrayList<>();// 通用限流规则FlowRule generalRule = new FlowRule("/*").setCount(100) // 一般接口的限流阈值.setGrade(FlowRule.Grade.QPS).setControlBehavior(FlowRule.ControlBehavior.DEFAULT);rules.add(generalRule);// 白名单URL的特殊流控规则，假设允许较高流量FlowRule whitelistRule = new FlowRule("/api/public/**").setCount(1000) // 较宽松的限流阈值.setGrade(FlowRule.Grade.QPS).setControlBehavior(FlowRule.ControlBehavior.DEFAULT);rules.add(whitelistRule);FlowRuleManager.loadRules(rules);}
}

步骤3: 创建Sentinel过滤器

创建一个自定义过滤器，用于在请求处理前执行Sentinel的流量控制检查。

import org.springframework.web.filter.GenericFilterBean;import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;public class SentinelSecurityFilter extends GenericFilterBean {@Overridepublic void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain)throws IOException, ServletException {HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;String uri = request.getRequestURI();// 使用Sentinel进行流量控制检查Entry entry = null;try {entry = SphU.entry(uri);filterChain.doFilter(request, response);} catch (BlockException e) {response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS);response.getWriter().write("Too many requests.");} finally {if (entry != null) {entry.exit();}}}
}

步骤4: 集成到Spring Security

在Spring Security的配置中注册Sentinel过滤器，并配置安全规则。假设您已经有了一个Spring Security的配置类，如果没有，创建一个。

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {@Beanpublic SentinelSecurityFilter sentinelSecurityFilter() {return new SentinelSecurityFilter();}@Beanpublic SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {http.csrf(csrf -> csrf.disable()) // 如果不需要CSRF保护，可以关闭.authorizeRequests(authz -> authz.antMatchers("/api/public/**").permitAll() // 白名单URL允许匿名访问.anyRequest().authenticated() // 其他请求需要认证).addFilterBefore(sentinelSecurityFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class) // Sentinel过滤器在JWT验证之前.formLogin(form -> form.disable()) // 禁用表单登录，根据需要调整.httpBasic(withDefaults()); // 或者根据需要配置HTTP Basic认证等return http.build();}
}

总结

1. 添加依赖：引入Spring Security和Sentinel-Core的依赖。
2. 配置Sentinel：通过@Configuration类初始化Sentinel并加载流控规则。
3. 创建Sentinel过滤器：自定义过滤器实现流量控制。
4. 集成Spring Security：配置类中注册过滤器并定义安全策略。

按照上述步骤，您可以基于Spring Security应用集成Sentinel-Core，实现流量控制，同时对白名单URL实施特殊处理。