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网站网页建设论文,电子商务网站备案,安徽建站,有没有可以做兼职的网站目录 Part.01 Kubernets与docker Part.02 Docker版本 Part.03 Kubernetes原理 Part.04 资源规划 Part.05 基础环境准备 Part.06 Docker安装 Part.07 Harbor搭建 Part.08 K8s环境安装 Part.09 K8s集群构建 Part.10 容器回退第五章基础环境准备 5.1.SSH免密登录在master01、…

目录
Part.01 Kubernets与docker
Part.02 Docker版本
Part.03 Kubernetes原理
Part.04 资源规划
Part.05 基础环境准备
Part.06 Docker安装
Part.07 Harbor搭建
Part.08 K8s环境安装
Part.09 K8s集群构建
Part.10 容器回退

第五章基础环境准备

5.1.SSH免密登录

在master01、master02、master03上生成公钥，配置免密登录到其他节点

ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -C username_root
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub -p 22 root@192.168.111.1
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub -p 22 root@192.168.111.2
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub -p 22 root@192.168.111.3
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub -p 22 root@192.168.111.11
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub -p 22 root@192.168.111.12
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub -p 22 root@192.168.111.20

5.2.ansbile配置

在外网服务器上，下载ansible及相关依赖包

yum install -y epel-release
yumdownloader --resolve --destdir /opt/ansible/ ansible

上传至master01上，并进行安装

rpm -ivh /opt/ansible/*

安装完成后查询版本

[root@localhost ~]# ansible --version
ansible 2.9.27config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfgconfigured module search path = [u'/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', u'/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansibleexecutable location = /usr/bin/ansiblepython version = 2.7.5 (default, Aug  7 2019, 00:51:29) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)]

配置ansible和rhel-system-roles，创建配置文件

mkdir /root/ansible
cd /root/ansible
cp /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg /root/ansible/

修改配置文件，/root/ansible/ansible.cfg

[defaults]
inventory      = /root/ansible/inventory
ask_pass      = false
remote_user = root

配置inventory文件，/root/ansible/inventory

[k8s:children]
master
worker
harbor
[master]
192.168.111.1 hostname=master01
192.168.111.2 hostname=master02
192.168.111.3 hostname=master03
[worker]
192.168.111.11 hostname=worker01
192.168.111.12 hostname=worker02
[harbor]
192.168.111.20 hostname=harbor01

测试

[root@master01 ansible]# ansible all -m ping
192.168.111.3 | SUCCESS => {"ansible_facts": {"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"},"changed": false,"ping": "pong"
}
192.168.111.12 | SUCCESS => {"ansible_facts": {"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"},"changed": false,"ping": "pong"
}
192.168.111.11 | SUCCESS => {"ansible_facts": {"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"},"changed": false,"ping": "pong"
}
192.168.111.1 | SUCCESS => {"ansible_facts": {"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"},"changed": false,"ping": "pong"
}
192.168.111.2 | SUCCESS => {"ansible_facts": {"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"},"changed": false,"ping": "pong"
}
192.168.111.20 | SUCCESS => {"ansible_facts": {"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"},"changed": false,"ping": "pong"
}

5.3.修改主机名

创建playbook，/root/ansible/hostname.yml

---
- name: modify hostnamehosts: alltasks:- name: modify hostname permanentlyraw: "echo {{ hostname | quote }} > /etc/hostname"- name: modify hostname temporarilyshell: hostname {{ hostname | quote }}

执行并确认

[root@master01 ansible]# ansible-playbook hostname.ymlPLAY [modify hostname] ****************************************************************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] ****************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.111.11]
ok: [192.168.111.12]
ok: [192.168.111.1]
ok: [192.168.111.2]
ok: [192.168.111.3]
ok: [192.168.111.20]TASK [modify hostname permanently] ****************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.111.2]
changed: [192.168.111.1]
changed: [192.168.111.11]
changed: [192.168.111.3]
changed: [192.168.111.12]
changed: [192.168.111.20]TASK [modify hostname temporarily] ****************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.111.3]
changed: [192.168.111.11]
changed: [192.168.111.1]
changed: [192.168.111.2]
changed: [192.168.111.12]
changed: [192.168.111.20]PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.111.1              : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
192.168.111.11             : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
192.168.111.12             : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
192.168.111.2              : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
192.168.111.20             : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
192.168.111.3              : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0[root@master01 ansible]# ansible all -m shell -a 'hostname'
192.168.111.3 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
master03
192.168.111.11 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
worker01
192.168.111.1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
master01
192.168.111.2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
master02
192.168.111.12 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
worker02
192.168.111.20 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
harbor01

5.4.修改hosts列表

在master01上修改主机列表，/etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6192.168.111.1 master01.k8s.local   master01
192.168.111.2 master02.k8s.local   master02
192.168.111.3 master03.k8s.local   master03
192.168.111.11 worker01.k8s.local   worker01
192.168.111.12 worker02.k8s.local   worker02
192.168.111.20 harbor01.k8s.local   harbor01

分发至其他节点

ansible all -m template -a 'src=/etc/hosts dest=/etc/hosts'

5.5.关闭firewall和SELinux

关闭firewall

ansible all -m service -a 'name=firewalld state=stopped enabled=no'

确认状态

[root@master01 ansible]# ansible all -m shell -a 'systemctl status firewalld | grep Active'
192.168.111.11 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>Active: inactive (dead)
192.168.111.12 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>Active: inactive (dead)
192.168.111.1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>Active: inactive (dead)
192.168.111.3 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>Active: inactive (dead)
192.168.111.2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>Active: inactive (dead)
192.168.111.20 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>Active: inactive (dead)

关闭SELinux

ansible all -m selinux -a 'policy=targeted state=disabled'

确认状态

[root@localhost ansible]# ansible all -m shell -a 'getenforce'
192.168.111.1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Permissive
192.168.111.11 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Permissive
192.168.111.3 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Permissive
192.168.111.2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Permissive
192.168.111.12 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Permissive
192.168.111.20 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Permissive

5.6.配置系统Yum源

【master01】配置CentOS镜像Yum源

mkdir /mnt/cdrom
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*

创建repo文件，/etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

[centos]
name=centos
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

更新yum源

yum clean all
yum makecache fast

安装httpd服务

yum install -y httpd
systemctl enable --now httpd

配置http服务指向CentOS源

mkdir /var/www/html/centos
umount /mnt/cdrom/
mount /dev/cdrom /var/www/html/centos/

删除原有repo文件

ansible all -m shell -a 'rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo'

配置所有节点的系统Yum源

ansible all -m yum_repository -a 'name="centos" description="centos" baseurl="http://master01.k8s.local/centos" enabled=yes gpgcheck=no'
ansible all -m shell -a 'yum clean all'
ansible all -m shell -a 'yum makecache fast'
ansible all -m shell -a 'yum update -y'

5.7.安装基础软件

安装vim等基础软件，/root/ansible/packages.yml

---
- hosts: alltasks:- name: install packagesyum:name:- pciutils- bash-completion- vim- chrony- net-toolsstate: present

执行并确认

[root@master01 ansible]# ansible-playbook packages.ymlPLAY [all] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] ****************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.111.3]
ok: [192.168.111.1]
ok: [192.168.111.12]
ok: [192.168.111.11]
ok: [192.168.111.2]
ok: [192.168.111.20]TASK [install packages] ***************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.111.2]
ok: [192.168.111.11]
ok: [192.168.111.1]
ok: [192.168.111.12]
ok: [192.168.111.20]
changed: [192.168.111.3]PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.111.1              : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
192.168.111.11             : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
192.168.111.12             : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
192.168.111.2              : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
192.168.111.20             : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
192.168.111.3              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

5.8.NTP时钟

以master01为时钟源，其余节点从master01进行时钟同步
服务端（master01）
修改配置文件，/etc/chrony.conf

# 不指定外部NTP源
# 允许本网段其节点作为客户端访问
allow 192.168.111.0/24
# 如果时间服务可不用，则使用本地时间作为标准时间授权，层数为10
local stratum 10

重启服务

systemctl restart chronyd

客户端（mster02/worker01/worker02/harbor01）
在外网服务器上下载ansible system role的安装包

yumdownloader --resolve rhel-system-roles

将安装包上传至master01的/opt/ansible/下，并进行安装

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh /opt/ansible/python-netaddr-0.7.5-9.el7.noarch.rpm
warning: /opt/ansible/python-netaddr-0.7.5-9.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...1:python-netaddr-0.7.5-9.el7       ################################# [100%]
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh /opt/ansible/rhel-system-roles-1.7.3-4.el7_9.noarch.rpm
warning: /opt/ansible/rhel-system-roles-1.7.3-4.el7_9.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...1:rhel-system-roles-1.7.3-4.el7_9  ################################# [100%]

安装ntp时钟，/root/ansible/timesync.yml

---
- hosts: 192.168.111.2,192.168.111.3,worker,harborvars:timesync_ntp_servers:- hostname: 192.168.111.1iburst: yesroles:- rhel-system-roles.timesync

执行

ansible-playbook /root/ansible/timesync.yml

确认时钟同步情况

[root@master01 ansible]# ansible 192.168.111.2,192.168.111.3,worker,harbor -m shell -a 'chronyc sources -v'
192.168.111.12 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
210 Number of sources = 1.-- Source mode  '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock./ .- Source state '*' = current synced, '+' = combined , '-' = not combined,
| /   '?' = unreachable, 'x' = time may be in error, '~' = time too variable.
||                                                 .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz
||      Reachability register (octal) -.           |  xxxx = adjusted offset,
||      Log2(Polling interval) --.      |          |  yyyy = measured offset,
||                                \     |          |  zzzz = estimated error.
||                                 |    |           \
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* master01.k8s.local           10   6   377    46  +5212ns[  +19us] +/-   73us
192.168.111.3 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
210 Number of sources = 1.-- Source mode  '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock./ .- Source state '*' = current synced, '+' = combined , '-' = not combined,
| /   '?' = unreachable, 'x' = time may be in error, '~' = time too variable.
||                                                 .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz
||      Reachability register (octal) -.           |  xxxx = adjusted offset,
||      Log2(Polling interval) --.      |          |  yyyy = measured offset,
||                                \     |          |  zzzz = estimated error.
||                                 |    |           \
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* master01.k8s.local           10   6    17    30   -261ns[  -62us] +/-  966us
192.168.111.11 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
210 Number of sources = 1.-- Source mode  '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock./ .- Source state '*' = current synced, '+' = combined , '-' = not combined,
| /   '?' = unreachable, 'x' = time may be in error, '~' = time too variable.
||                                                 .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz
||      Reachability register (octal) -.           |  xxxx = adjusted offset,
||      Log2(Polling interval) --.      |          |  yyyy = measured offset,
||                                \     |          |  zzzz = estimated error.
||                                 |    |           \
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* master01.k8s.local           10   6   377    35    -17us[  -20us] +/-  130us
192.168.111.20 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
210 Number of sources = 1.-- Source mode  '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock./ .- Source state '*' = current synced, '+' = combined , '-' = not combined,
| /   '?' = unreachable, 'x' = time may be in error, '~' = time too variable.
||                                                 .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz
||      Reachability register (octal) -.           |  xxxx = adjusted offset,
||      Log2(Polling interval) --.      |          |  yyyy = measured offset,
||                                \     |          |  zzzz = estimated error.
||                                 |    |           \
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* master01.k8s.local           10   6   377    25  -4152ns[-7463ns] +/-   96us
192.168.111.2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
210 Number of sources = 1.-- Source mode  '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock./ .- Source state '*' = current synced, '+' = combined , '-' = not combined,
| /   '?' = unreachable, 'x' = time may be in error, '~' = time too variable.
||                                                 .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz
||      Reachability register (octal) -.           |  xxxx = adjusted offset,
||      Log2(Polling interval) --.      |          |  yyyy = measured offset,
||                                \     |          |  zzzz = estimated error.
||                                 |    |           \
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* master01.k8s.local           10   6   377    27    -52us[  -50us] +/-  191us

5.9.关闭swap

临时关闭：

ansible all -m shell -a 'swapoff -a'

永久关闭：

ansible all -m shell -a 'sed -ri "s/.*swap.*/#&/" /etc/fstab'

5.10.启用ipvs转发

在kubernetes中service有两种代理模型，一种是基于iptables的，一种是基于ipvs的；ipvs转发性能更好。
在master01-03上开启ipvs转发

cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
EOF

赋予执行权限并执行

chmod +x /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
/bin/bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules

5.11.启用网桥过滤及内核转发

bridge-nf-call-iptables这个内核参数，表示bridge设备在二层转发时也去调用iptables配置的三层规则（包含conntrack），所以开启这个参数就能够解决Service同节点通信问题。
在master01上创建/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf，添加网桥过滤及内核转发配置

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

分发至其他节点

ansible all -m template -a 'src=/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf dest=/etc/sysctl.d/'
ansible all -m shell -a 'modprobe br_netfilter'

验证是否生效

[root@master01 ansible]# ansible all -m shell -a 'sysctl --system | grep -A3 k8s'
192.168.111.3 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
* Applying /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf ...
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
192.168.111.1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
* Applying /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf ...
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
192.168.111.12 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
* Applying /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf ...
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
192.168.111.11 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
* Applying /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf ...
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
192.168.111.2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
* Applying /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf ...
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
192.168.111.20 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
* Applying /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf ...
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1