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CMake+QT+大漠插件的桌面应用开发（QThread）

简介

• 在CMake+QT+大漠插件的桌面应用开发中已经给出了QT配合大漠插件开发桌面应用的样例

• 不过由于主窗口的UI操作和大漠的调用是在一个线程里面的，所以当大漠调用时间过长时会出现UI界面卡顿的现象

• 我们可以利用子线程处理耗时操作，处理完后再由主线程（UI线程）更新界面，这样界面就不会出现卡顿。

• 在这里，我们将会用到QThread，调整后的QT主线程与子线程交互逻辑图如下：
  

• 交互逻辑描述

  • 当点击“注册”选项时，会发出regDM信号，子线程接收到该信号会执行MyMainWorker中的doRegDM方法，执行完成后会发出regDMReady信号，主线程接收到该信号会执行更新UI的操作
  • 当点击“搜索”按钮时，同理
  • 当点击“截图”按钮时，同理

环境

	版本/规范	备注
平台	win32	操作系统为Windows10
CMake	3.27.8	CLion自带
C++	17
Toolchain	VisualStudio 2022	只用其工具链，记得先安装好
QT	5.12.12	安装时选择msvc2017，不要64位的
DM	7.2353
CLion	2023.3.2	你也可以用其他IDE工具

• 启动IDE时，记得以管理员模式启动

项目结构

• 新建一个项目 qt_dm_demo_x_02
• 目录同CMake+QT+大漠插件的桌面应用开发中一致，会多出MyMainWorker，用于处理子线程逻辑

qt_dm_demo_x_02					             # 项目目录
-- ......
--MyMainWorker.cpp
--MyMainWorker.h
-- ......

配置编译环境

• 其他同CMake+QT+大漠插件的桌面应用开发中一致
• CMakeLists.txt 文件中生成可执行文件时，会多出MyMainWorker.cpp、MyMainWorker.h

# 生成可执行文件
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} main.cppstrutils.cpp strutils.hdmutil.cpp dmutil.hmymainwindow.cpp mymainwindow.h mymainwindow.uiMyMainWorker.cpp MyMainWorker.h
)

代码

• dmutil.h、dmutil.cpp、strutils.h、strutils.cpp、mymainwindow.ui、main.cpp同CMake+QT+大漠插件的桌面应用开发中一致
• mymainwindow.h

#ifndef QT_DM_DEMO_X_MYMAINWINDOW_H
#define QT_DM_DEMO_X_MYMAINWINDOW_H#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QTextEdit>
#include <QThread>#include "dmutil.h"QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MyMainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACEclass MyMainWindow : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECTQThread workerThread;
public:explicit MyMainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~MyMainWindow() override;public:void showInfo(const QString &message, const QString &title = "提示");void showWarn(const QString &message, const QString &title = "告警");signals:void regDM(Idmsoft **pDm);void findWindow(Idmsoft *pDm, const QString &title);void captureWindow(Idmsoft *pDm, const long hwnd);public slots:void showMessageBox(bool result, const QString &message);void showTable(bool result, const QString &msg, const vector<MyWindow> &windowVec);private:Ui::MyMainWindow *ui;Idmsoft *pCommonDm = nullptr;
};#endif //QT_DM_DEMO_X_MYMAINWINDOW_H

• mymainwindow.cpp

// You may need to build the project (run Qt uic code generator) to get "ui_MyMainWindow.h" resolved#include <QFont>
#include <QHeaderView>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QAction>
#include <QString>
#include <QTableWidgetItem>
#include <QObject>
#include <QVector>
#include <iostream>
#include "mymainwindow.h"
#include "ui_MyMainWindow.h"
#include "MyMainWorker.h"using namespace std;MyMainWindow::MyMainWindow(QWidget *parent) :QMainWindow(parent), ui(new Ui::MyMainWindow) {ui->setupUi(this);qRegisterMetaType<QVector<int>>("QVector<int>");qRegisterMetaType<vector<MyWindow>>("vector<MyWindow>");// Init ViewssetFixedSize(1280, 720);ui->tableWidget->setColumnCount(3);ui->tableWidget->setHorizontalHeaderLabels(QStringList() << "进程ID" << "句柄" << "标题");ui->tableWidget->horizontalHeader()->setStretchLastSection(true); // 最后一列自动铺满表格// ui->tableWidget->horizontalHeader()->setSectionResizeMode(1, QHeaderView::Stretch);ui->tableWidget->horizontalHeader()->setHighlightSections(false);ui->tableWidget->horizontalHeader()->setStyleSheet("QHeaderView::section{background:gray;}");ui->tableWidget->setSelectionMode(QAbstractItemView::SingleSelection);QFont font = ui->tableWidget->horizontalHeader()->font();font.setBold(true);ui->tableWidget->horizontalHeader()->setFont(font);ui->tableWidget->setStyleSheet("QTableWidget::item:hover { background-color: lightblue; }");ui->tableWidget->setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView::NoEditTriggers); // 禁止编辑ui->tableWidget->setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView::SelectRows); // 选中整行// Init Listenerauto worker = new MyMainWorker;worker->moveToThread(&workerThread);connect(&workerThread, &QThread::finished, worker, &QObject::deleteLater);// 注册大漠connect(ui->actionReg, &QAction::triggered, [this]() {ui->actionReg->setEnabled(false);emit this->regDM(&this->pCommonDm);});connect(this, &MyMainWindow::regDM, worker, &MyMainWorker::doRegDM);connect(worker, &MyMainWorker::regDMReady, this, &MyMainWindow::showMessageBox);// 查找窗口connect(ui->btnQuery, &QPushButton::clicked, [this]() {ui->btnQuery->setEnabled(false);emit this->findWindow(this->pCommonDm, ui->edtTitle->text());});connect(this, &MyMainWindow::findWindow, worker, &MyMainWorker::doFindWindow);connect(worker, &MyMainWorker::findWindowReady, this, &MyMainWindow::showTable);// 截图connect(ui->btnCapture, &QPushButton::clicked, [this]() {ui->btnCapture->setEnabled(false);// 获取选中行的句柄列的字段const QList<QTableWidgetItem *> &selectedItems = ui->tableWidget->selectedItems();if (selectedItems.size() >= 2) {QTableWidgetItem *item = selectedItems.at(1);const QString &hwnd = item->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toString();bool res = false;long hwndL = hwnd.toLong(&res, 0);cout << res << endl;if (res) {emit this->captureWindow(this->pCommonDm, hwndL);} else {ui->btnCapture->setEnabled(true);this->showWarn("选中行的窗口句柄解析异常！");}} else {ui->btnCapture->setEnabled(true);this->showWarn("请选中列表中的其中一行！");}});connect(this, &MyMainWindow::captureWindow, worker, &MyMainWorker::doCaptureWindow);connect(worker, &MyMainWorker::captureWindowReady, this, &MyMainWindow::showMessageBox);workerThread.start();
}MyMainWindow::~MyMainWindow() {delete ui;workerThread.quit();workerThread.wait();
}void MyMainWindow::showInfo(const QString &message, const QString &title) {QMessageBox::information(this, title, message);
}void MyMainWindow::showWarn(const QString &message, const QString &title) {QMessageBox::critical(this, title, message);
}void MyMainWindow::showMessageBox(const bool result, const QString& message) {ui->actionReg->setEnabled(true);ui->btnCapture->setEnabled(true);if (result) {this->showInfo(message);} else {this->showWarn(message);}
}void MyMainWindow::showTable(const bool result, const QString &msg, const vector<MyWindow> &windowVec) {ui->btnQuery->setEnabled(true);if (result) {auto rowNum = windowVec.size();ui->tableWidget->setRowCount(rowNum);for (int i = 0; i < rowNum; ++i) {const MyWindow &item = windowVec[i];ui->tableWidget->setItem(i, 0, new QTableWidgetItem(QString::number(item.processId)));ui->tableWidget->setItem(i, 1, new QTableWidgetItem(QString::number(item.hwnd)));ui->tableWidget->setItem(i, 2, new QTableWidgetItem(QString::fromStdWString(item.title)));}} else {this->showWarn(msg);}
}

• MyMainWorker.h

#ifndef QT_DM_DEMO_X_MYMAINWORKER_H
#define QT_DM_DEMO_X_MYMAINWORKER_H#include <QObject>
#include "dmutil.h"class MyMainWorker: public QObject {
Q_OBJECT
signals:void regDMReady(const bool result, const QString &msg);void findWindowReady(const bool result, const QString &msg, const vector <MyWindow> &windowVec);void captureWindowReady(const bool result, const QString &msg);public slots:/*** 注册大漠* @param pDm 大漠插件，待赋值*/void doRegDM(Idmsoft **pDm);/*** 查询匹配的窗口* @param pDm 大漠插件* @param title 窗口标题（模糊查询）*/void doFindWindow(Idmsoft *pDm, const QString &title);/*** 对窗口截图* @param pDm 大漠插件* @param hwnd 窗口句柄*/void doCaptureWindow(Idmsoft *pDm, long hwnd);
};#endif //QT_DM_DEMO_X_MYMAINWORKER_H

• MyMainWorker.cpp

#include <iostream>#include "MyMainWorker.h"using namespace std;void MyMainWorker::doRegDM(Idmsoft **pDm) {cout << "========== Initial DM ............ ==========" << endl;*pDm = initialDMAndRegVIP();if (*pDm == nullptr) {cout << "========== Initial DM <Failed>     ==========" << endl;emit this->regDMReady(false, "DM 注册失败！");return;}cout << "========== Initial DM <Successful> ==========" << endl;cout << endl;emit this->regDMReady(true, "DM 注册完成！");
}void MyMainWorker::doFindWindow(Idmsoft *pDm, const QString &title) {vector<MyWindow> windowVec;if (pDm == nullptr) {cout << "this->pCommonDm == nullptr" << endl;emit this->findWindowReady(false, "请先在菜单中完成注册！", windowVec);return;}// 找一下包含title的窗口getMatchedWindows(windowVec, pDm, title.toStdWString());if (windowVec.empty()) {cout << "can not find such window" << endl;emit this->findWindowReady(false, "没有找到包含该标题的窗口！", windowVec);return;}emit this->findWindowReady(true, "成功！", windowVec);
}void MyMainWorker::doCaptureWindow(Idmsoft *pDm, long hwnd) {if (pDm == nullptr) {cout << "this->pCommonDm == nullptr" << endl;emit this->captureWindowReady(false, "请先在菜单中完成注册！");return;}// 绑定窗口句柄long dmBind = pDm->BindWindowEx(hwnd,"normal","normal","normal","",0);if (dmBind == 1) {// 恢复并激活指定窗口，置顶窗口，pDm->SetWindowState(hwnd, 12);pDm->SetWindowState(hwnd, 8);pDm->delay(600);// 延迟一下截图，存到相对路径wstring filename = wstring(L"./capture_window_").append(std::to_wstring(hwnd)).append(L".bmp");long retCap = pDm->Capture(0, 0, 2000, 2000, filename.c_str());if (retCap != 1) {cout << "capture failed" << endl;emit this->captureWindowReady(false, "截图失败！");} else {cout << "capture success" << endl;emit this->captureWindowReady(true, QString::fromStdWString(L"截图成功，保存地址为： " + filename));}// 取消置顶窗口pDm->SetWindowState(hwnd, 9);} else {cout << "DM BindWindow failed" << endl;emit this->captureWindowReady(false, "绑定窗口异常！");}pDm->UnBindWindow();
}